走近《哈利波特》,电影会告诉你许多道理
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《哈利波特》只有小孩子能看吗?当然不是。魔法妈妈罗琳会告诉你许多道理,比如,爱是最强大的武器,比如,笑声是治愈恐惧的良方,比如,“选择”而不仅仅是“能力”会决定我们是谁 .....
一次偶然的机会,小哈里波特发现了魔镜,他能在镜子里看到自己素未谋面的爸爸妈妈。于是,每到夜深人静,他几次穿着爸爸留给他的隐身衣,躲过门卫的检查,来到魔镜前。这天,他遇到了校长邓不利多,邓不利多开导他说,要远离耽于幻想的魔镜,要现实地生活——
D: I see that you, like many before you, have discovered the delights of the Mirror of Erised. I trust by now you realize what it does. Let me give you a clue. The happiest man on earth would look in the mirror and see only himself, exactly as he is.
H: So then, it shows us what we want, whatever we want.
D: Yes, and no. It shows us nothing more or less than the deepest and most desperate desires of our hearts. Now you, Harry, who have never known your family, you see them standing beside you. But remember this, Harry, This mirror gives us neither knowledge or truth. Men have wasted away in front of it. Even gone mad. This is why tomorrow it will be moved to a new house. And I must ask you not to go looking for it again. It does not do to dwell on dreams and forget to live.
重点讲解
delight,乐趣,好处。邓不利多告诉哈里,他猜想现在哈里已经知道镜子的好处了。他说,世上最幸福的人在镜子里只会看到他自己,只有他自己,别无其他。
波特回答,镜子里出现的是我们想要的东西,任何我们所求的东西。邓不利多回答“也对也不对”(Yes, and no.)。它展现的我是我们内心最深切(deep)、最强烈(desperate)的渴望。因为哈里从生下来就没有见过父母,所以他在镜子里看到的就是一家三口其乐融融的景象。词组nothing more or less than,正是,恰恰就是。
但是,邓布利多话锋一转,这个镜子既不给我们知识,也无法告诉我们真相(neither…or…既不……也不……)。人们在它面前浪费了太多的时间,甚至会为它而发疯。词组wasted away,荒废,白白耗费。邓布利多警告哈里,不要再去找这个魔镜,不要踯躅于幻想而忘记了现实地生活(dwell on dreams and forget to live)。
《哈里波特1》——爱是最强大的武器
伏地魔命令奇洛教授抢夺哈里波特手中的魔法石。就在奇洛教授快掐死哈里的时候,哈里发现,奇洛被哈里的手碰到的地方就会腐烂。哈里借机打败了伏地魔,自己也昏死过去。当他在学校的医务室醒来,校长邓布利多就在他床头,点醒了他这个问题,为什么哈里有如此的威力——
D: Harry, do you know why Professor Quirrell couldn’t bear to have you touch him? It was because of your mother. She sacrificed herself for you. And that kind of act leaves a mark.
(Harry touches his scar)
D: No, this kind of mark cannot be seen. It lives in your very skin.
H: What is it?
D: Love, Harry, love.
重点讲解
邓布利多说,是因为哈里的妈妈,在当初伏地魔企图杀害他们的那个晚上,妈妈牺牲(sacrifice)了自己保全了哈里。这个举动(act)自然留下了痕迹,留下了标志(mark)。
哈里以为指的是留在他额头上的疤痕(scar),不自觉的摸了一下。邓布利多洞悉了他的心思,解释说,不,这种印记肉眼是看不到的,它留在你的每寸肌肤里(It lives in your very skin)。它是什么?它就是——“爱”。爱是最强大的武器,再高强的魔法也无力战胜,那是一位母亲用生命换来的。
《哈里波特2》——能力?还是选择?
这是影片将要结束的时候哈里波特(Harry Potter)与魔法学校校长邓布利多(Dumbledore)之间的谈话。波特因为自己也会说伏地魔(Voldemort)的语言“蛇语”(Parseltongue)而惴惴不安。老校长开导他:决定我们是谁的不是我们的能力,而是我们的选择。
Dumbledore: I sense that something is troubling you. Am I right, Harry?
Harry: It's just....you see, sir, I couldn't help butnotice certain things, certain....certain similarities between Tom Riddle and me.
Dumbledore: I see. Well, you can speak Parseltongue, Harry. Why? Because Lord Voldemort can speak Parseltongue. If I'm not mistaken, Harry......he transferredsome of his powers to you......the night he gave you that scar.
Harry: Voldemort transferred some of his powers to me?
Dumbledore: Not intentionally......but yes.
Harry: So the Sorting Hatwas right. I should be in Slytherin.
Dumbledore: It's true. You possess many of the qualities that Voldemort himself prizes. Determination, resourcefulness......and if I may say so, a certain disregardfor the rules. Why, then, did the Sorting Hat place you in Gryffindor?
Harry: Because I asked it to.
Dumbledore: Exactly, Harry, exactly, which makes you different from Voldemort. It is not our abilities that show what we truly are. It is our choices.
重点讲解:
Voldemort是魔法界无恶不作的坏魔法师,在密室里波特和他的化身Tom Riddle争斗的时候发现,自己天生就具有Voldemort的某种能力——会说“蛇语”,因此向老校长Dumbledore提出了自己的疑问。couldn't help but do表示忍不住、禁不住要做某事。
老校长说,如果他没有弄错的话(be mistaken,犯错的、错误的),是因为Voldemort在杀死波特父母的那个夜晚,在波特额头上留下伤疤的同时也把他的法力转给波特一部分。transfer,转移、迁移、转让。intentionally,有意地、故意地。老校长下一句话的意思是,Voldemort不是故意要这样做,但确实如此、事实如此。
Sorting Hat,是当初新生入学的时候把学生进行分院划分的“分院帽”。Gryffindor(格兰芬多)是四个学院中培养伟大魔法师的地方;Slytherin(斯莱特林)却总是出Voldemort那样能力很强、出身世家但不够高尚的坏巫师。
波特拥有许多Voldemort自己也赞赏的品质,坚定果敢(determination)、足智多谋(resourcefulness)以及对纪律的漠视(disregardfor the rules)。之所以波特没有被分到斯莱特林学院而是被分到格兰芬多学院就是因为他强烈的要求。所以,在这个意义上,校长Dumbledore才说,选择而不是能力,使我们展现出真我、决定了我们是谁。(It is not our abilities that show what we truly are. It is our choices.)
哈里波特3——新学期开学校长的警告
新学期本该喜气洋洋,可哈里波特和他的小伙伴们却被一层阴云笼罩着。他们在开往学校的火车上遇到了搜查车厢的阴森森的摄魂怪(dementor),据说他们是在追捕阿兹卡班监狱(Azkaban)越狱的犯人小天狼星布莱克(Sirius Black)。新学期的开学典礼上,校长邓布利多再次警告了学生们,离这些不得不招待的客人们——摄魂怪——远一点……
D: Finally, on a more disquieting note, at the request of the Ministry of Magic, Hogwarts will, until further notice, play host to the dementors of Azkaban. Until such a time as Sirius Black is captured.The dementors will be stationed at every entrance to the grounds. Now whilst I've been guaranteed that their presence will not disrupt our day-to-day activities.
A word of coution. Dementors are vicious creatures. They'll not distinguish between the one they hunt and the one who gets in their way. Therefore, I must warn each and every one of you to give them no reason to harm you.
It is not in the nature of a dementor to be forgiving. But you know, happiness can be found even in the darkest of times, if one only remembers to turn on the light.
重点讲解
邓布利多讲话的最后一部分,说到了霍格沃茨学校(Hogwarts)应魔法部(Ministry of Magic)的的要求,不得不招待阿兹卡班监狱的看守——摄魂怪。词组at the request of,应……的要求、请求。
因为摄魂怪会吸走人身上的所有快乐,所以他们的到来是不受欢迎的,甚至是让人担忧的,所以开始的时候,邓布利多就说,下面要说的关于摄魂怪的是事情是关于一个令人不安的说明(on a more disquieting note)。
校长警告他的学生们,“没别的,就是一个词,小心”(A word of coution)。摄魂怪是种邪恶的(vicious)生物,他们不会区别对待(distinguish)追捕的对象和任何一个挡住他们去路的人。词组get in one’s way,挡住某人的去路。
可是,邓布利多不是只吓唬吓唬学生,他还要给学生以信心和希望。他说,虽然摄魂怪的本性是不仁慈的(not forgiving),但是,只要一个人时刻想着点亮灯火,即使在最黑暗的岁月,幸福还是可以预期的(happiness can be found even in the darkest of times, if one only remembers to turn on the light.)。他在告诉学生,不要被这些恐怖的东西吓倒,要让自己足够坚强。
哈里波特3:清澈的心才能洞悉未来
魔法学校第三年开的课程中有一门是占卜课(divination)。课下,小高材生赫敏曾经对波特和罗恩说过,她觉得占卜是一门缺乏科学依据和理论分析的学问,是不可靠的。转过天来,教授在占卜课上讲授如何在水晶球里预见未来,赫敏终于受到打击了——
P: Together we shall cast ourselves into the future. The truth lies buried like a sentence deep within a book, waiting to be read. But first, you must broaden your minds. First you must look beyond. Use your Inner Eye to see the future. Only then can you see. Try again.
H: Do you mind me trying?
P: My dear. From the first moment you stepped foot in my class I sensed that you did not possess the proper spirit for the noble art of Divination. No. You may be young in years, but your heart is as shriveled as an old maid’s, your soul as dry as the pages of the books to which you so desperately cleave.
重点讲解
教授在占卜课上满怀激情地说,让我们将自己投向未来。动词cast是很常用的,最基本的意思就是,投射,抛,掷。接着她用了一个比喻让学生敞开心扉:真相往往事被掩盖的,就像书本中的词句等待阅读理解一样,真相是有待发掘的(The truth lies buried like a sentence deep within a book, waiting to be read.)。
喜欢在课堂上出风头、抢答问题的赫敏又忍不住问:您介意让我试试吗?(Do you mind me trying?)
占卜课的这位女教授很尖刻地告诉赫敏,她没有领悟占卜这门高贵艺术的天赋(not possess the proper spirit for the noble art of Divination)。也许赫敏的年龄并不大,但她的心枯燥(shriveled)得像个老女人,她的灵魂干瘪得就像她如此钟情的书本的每一页。词组cleave to,本意是粘住,这里的意思是忠诚于……,钟情于……。副词desperately形容这种钟情的程度,指拼命地,不顾一切地。
下面的情节是赫敏把水晶球扔到地上,摔门而去。一个很爱读书又成绩很好的小姑娘在大庭广众之下受到抢白自然是受不了的。这里我们看到的是作者的态度:小书虫式的学习只能让一个孩子未老先衰,只有清澈的心才能洞悉未来。
哈里波特3——笑声是治愈恐惧的良方
黑魔法防御课上卢平教授(Lupin)讲的是如何祛除幻形怪(boggart)。正如赫敏回答的那样,幻形怪并没有固定的外形,它会变成你心中最害怕的那种东西,也许是一条毒蛇,也许是哪个严厉的教授,也许是对你最致命的场景,这是它最可怕的地方。不过,幸好,祛除它的咒语并不难学——
H: Boggarts are shape-shifters. They take the shape of whatever a person fears the most. That's what makes them so terrifying.
L: Yes. Luckily, a very simple charm exists to repel a boggart. Let's practice it now. Without wands, please. After me. Ridikulus!
S: Ridikulus!
L: You see, the incantation alone is not enough. What really finishes a boggart is laughter. You need to force it to assume a shape you find truly amusing. Let me explain.
重点讲解
祛除(repel)幻形怪的魔咒(charm)是Ridikulus,这个词是ridiculous(荒谬的)的变形体。换句话说,作者要告诉我们就是,祛除心底的恐惧,最好的方法就是蔑视它,认为它不值一提。
当然,只有药方是不够的,还要有个药引子,那就是——笑声。在心中给恐惧想个好笑的(amusing)形状。电影中的一个情节就是,一个害怕斯内普教授的学生,看着幻形怪变成的思内普教授,想象他穿着老奶奶的衣服,结果想象变成了事实,全班同学都逗笑了。
哈里波特3——没有家长签字不许去!
圣诞节快到了,魔法学校有个惯例,让表现良好的学生在得到家长允许的情况下,参观Hogsmeade村庄,那里有免费的糖果,各种的娱乐。前提是家长在学校发的回执表上签字。哈里因为假期里没有得到姨妈的签字,苦苦哀求仍然被麦格教授拒之门外——
M: Remember, these visits to Hogsmeade village are a privilege. Should you behavior reflect poorly on the school that privilege shall not be extended again. No permission form signed, no visiting the village. That's the rule, Potter.
H: I thought if you signed it, then I could.
M: I can't. Only a parent or a guardian can sign. Since I am neither, it could be inappropriate. I'm sorry, Potter. That's my final word.
重点讲解
这个对话中有许多省略而精炼的表达方式。第一个就是麦格教授对学生们说“没有家长同意的签了字的表格,就不许去”。(No permission form signed, no visiting the village.)是否定词加名词短语的形式。
麦格教授是个表面严厉内心慈爱的老太太。哈里波特就是瞅准这点想拉下脸皮好好央求。他说,我想,你给我的表格签字了,我就能去了。I could是省略了后面的visit the village。
遗憾的是,老太太仍然没有给哈里开绿灯。她的理由是,父母亲中的一位(a parent,很少用到的表达),或一位监护人(a guardian)才可以签字。因为这两者我都不是(since I am neither),所以我签字是不合适的(inappropriate)。
义正言辞的老太太最后加了一句,虽然觉得对不住哈里波特,但这是规定,也是她最终的决定(final word)。
哈里波特3——守门的胖夫人被吓跑了
哈利-波特在霍格沃茨魔法学校已经度过了不平凡的两年,而且早已听说魔法世界中有一座守备森严的阿兹卡班监狱,里面关押着一个臭名昭著的囚徒,名字叫小天狼星布莱克。传言布莱克是“黑魔法”高手伏地魔——杀害哈利父母的凶手——的忠实信徒,曾经用一句魔咒接连结束了十三条性命。不幸的是,布莱克逃出了阿兹卡班,一心追寻哈利——
Harry: What's going on?
Ronn: Probably someone forgot the password again.
Headboy: Let me through, please. Excuse me, I'm the headboy. Get back, all of you. No one is to enter this dorm until it has been fully searched.
Girl: The fat lady. She is gone.
Ronn: So everything is fine. She is a terrible singer.
Hermonie: It's not funny, Ronn.
Headboy: Keep clam, everyone. Be quiet, the headmaster is here.
Dombledore: I'm here, move.
Headboy: You heard? Move!
Dombledore: Mr. Filtch, round up the ghosts. Turn to search every pedelion in the castle and find the fat lady.
Filtch: There's no need for the ghost, professor. That lady is there.
Headboy: Hey, where are you going? Slow down! You listen, I'm the headboy.
Dombledore: Dear lady! Who did this to you?
Fat lady: Here's a devil I saw. And I certainly know his name. It's him, master. The one you all talked about. He's here. Somewhere in the castle. Serious Black.
Dombledore: Secure the castle, Mr. Filtch. Rest of you, to the great hall.
语言点讲解与提示
1. let me through,借过,让我过去的意思。
2. round up, 表示“包围,围捕”。
3. secure这里作为动词,表示“保护”。