开卷书摘》小甜甜布兰妮父亲不再是「监管人」 英文可用哪些字?

小甜甜布兰妮父亲不再是「监管人」 英文可用哪些字?(示意图/shutterstock 达志影像 提供)

曾经唱红流行歌曲Baby One More Time的偶像歌手小甜甜布兰妮,今年(2021)向法院申请结束父亲对她长达14年的监管,消息不仅引起一片哗然,更有不少粉丝、名人自主在网上发起#FreeBritney运动,支持布兰妮能够自主独立生活,最终,在11月12日法院判决布兰妮胜诉并终止父亲对她多年的监管权。

Nearly 14 years after a Los Angeles court deemed the pop sensation Britney Spears unable to care for herself, stripping the singer of control in nearly every aspect of her life, a judge ruled on Friday to end the conservatorship that Ms. Spears said had long traumatized and exploited her. (The New York Times)

(在洛杉矶法院认定流行天后小甜甜布兰妮无法照顾自己,并剥夺这位歌手几乎各方面生活控制权的近 14 年后,法官终于在本周五宣判终止监管权,根据布兰妮表示,这样的监管长期以来剥削她并造成她心灵重创。)

conservatorship 监管权

监管权(conservatorship)中的conservator (n)在英文中是「监护人、保护者(guardian)」的意思,而conserve (v)在多益测验中常见的意思为「保护、保留、节约」,名词为 conservation。

To conserve electricity, please make sure all the lights are turned off before you leave the office.(为了节约用电,请确保在离开办公室之前关闭所有电灯。)

exploited (v)「剥削、利用」,通常这个单字有较负面的含义,意思是「为了自己的利益而『利用』他人」。

According to the news, the migrant workers have been exploited by the company. (根据新闻报导,移工们被公司剥削利用。)

strip (v)有「剥除、移除、脱掉(衣物)」等意思,strip someone of sth可用来表达「移除/除去(某人)的某样东西」,但是注意别和另个常用的单字stripe (n)「条纹」搞混。

After his team made a serious mistake, the police lieutenant was stripped of his rank. (警官在他的团队犯了严重错误后被除去官阶。)

Ally wore a striped shirt and a dark blue pencil shirt to the conference.(Ally 穿了一件条纹衬衫和一条深蓝色的窄身裙参加会议。)

然而小甜甜布兰妮是如何失去自主权和资产管理权而被父亲监管呢?熟知她的歌迷们或许知道她在2007、2008年时经历一连串的婚姻问题和个人脱序行为,这些事件使得她的父亲向法院申请暂时监管布兰妮的资产,然而这个「临时的」的监管却长达近14年之久。

James P. Spears, Ms. Spears’s father, who is known as Jamie, first petitioned the court for authority over his adult daughter’s life and finances in early 2008, citing her very public mental health struggles and possible substance abuse amid a child custody battle. What began as a temporary conservatorship was made permanent by the end of the year. (The New York Times)(布兰妮的父亲James Spears 在2008年初首次向法院提出对他成年女儿生活和财务的监管,理由为她在儿童监护权争夺战中面临的心理健康问题和可能滥用药物的可能性。最初的临时监管在年底成为永久性的。)

petition 请愿

temporary(暂时的)和 permanent(永久的) 这两个反义字在多益测验中经常出现。常见的组合有temporary workers「临时工」、permanent resident「永久居民」、或permanent address「永久住址」。

We are currently understaffed, so we might need to hire two or three temporary workers to handle the number of orders we have.(目前我们人手不足,所以可能需要雇用两三个临时雇员来应付我们现有的订单量。)

petition可以做动词或是名词,解释为「请愿」(v)、「请愿书」(n)。

Several organizations petitioned the government to save the historical monument.(许多组织联合向政府请愿保留这座历史纪念碑。)

On Wednesday, Britney Spears won a major victory in her fight to reclaim her personal independence and autonomy. (NPR)(星期三布兰妮在争取个人独立和自主权的斗争中取得了重大胜利。)

不少人对布兰妮这次获得胜利,重新取回自己生活的主控权和自主权感到开心。报导中「自主」可以用independence 或是 autonomy (n)来表示,形容词为autonomous,近年教育界经常提到的「自主学习」就是autonomous learning.

法院在本月做出最后的裁决宣布布兰妮重获自由,她也在社交平台感谢粉丝一直以来的支持,也期待她未来能有新作的发表。

【多益模拟试题】

1. Several tech companies _________ lots of money and time on developing autonomous vehicles.

(A) are spent

(B) has been spent

(C) spending

(D) have spent

2. The city government was criticized for adopting a relatively _________ approach to tackle inflation.

(A) conserving

(B) conserved

(C) conversed

(D) conservative

解析:

1. 正解(D)。语意为「许多科技公司花费大量金钱和时间在发展自驾车。」本题为文法题,因为到目前都还在发展,因此要选择主动形式的现在完成式。故(D)为正解。

2. 正解(D)。语意为「市政府因采取相对保守的方法来应对通货膨胀而受到批评。」本题为单字题,空格应填入符合句意的形容词。(B)保留、保存,(C)对话,(D)保守的。故(D)为正解。

文/徐碧霞Valerie