紐時賞析／阿靈頓國家公墓淪競選工具 川普團隊行徑最囂張

前总统川普上月在阿灵顿国家公墓的无名战士墓。（纽约时报）

Others Have Politicized Arlington, but Trump’s Approach Has No Precedent

阿灵顿国家公墓遭政治化 川普行径最嚣张

In November 1999, Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., former prisoner of war in Vietnam who was widely considered a military hero, said his newly launched presidential campaign had made “a very bad mistake.”

1999年11月，被广泛视为军事英雄的前越战战俘、共和党籍亚利桑那州联邦参议员马侃表示，他新发动的总统选战犯下「一个非常糟糕的错误」。

McCain had produced a campaign ad highlighting his career as a Navy pilot and his reverence for his fellow service members. At one moment, the ad showed McCain walking solemnly through Arlington National Cemetery.

马侃制作一支竞选广告，强调他身为海军飞行员的生涯，以及他对同袍的尊敬。广告中有一幕显示，马侃庄严地走过阿灵顿国家公墓。

The Army soon said McCain’s campaign had never requested permission to film in the cemetery. Even if it had, an Army spokesperson said at the time, the request would have been denied because partisan activity is banned at Army installations.

陆军很快表示，马侃竞选团队从未申请在该公墓拍摄的许可。就算有，一位陆军发言人当时表示，该申请会被拒绝，因为陆军设施禁止党派活动。

It was an incident in campaign politics that closely mirrored, before it sharply diverged from, another that took place last month. An Army spokesperson said that former President Donald Trump’s campaign had similarly not been given permission to film in a restricted area of Arlington National Cemetery during Trump’s visit Monday — and that it could not have received such permission because it would violate federal law.

这曾是竞选政治的一个事件，跟上个月发生的另一起事件非常相似，随后明显出现差异。一名陆军发言人表示，前总统川普周一访问期间，川普竞选团队同样没有获得在阿灵顿国家公墓一处限制区域拍摄的许可，而且无法获得这种许可，因为这违反联邦法。

The Army issued a rare public rebuke of Trump campaign officials for attacks they directed at a cemetery worker who had tried to stop the filming.

陆军对川普竞选团队干部发出罕见的公开谴责，原因是他们攻击一名曾试图阻止拍摄的公墓工作人员。

The Trump campaign had been made aware that filming for campaign purposes was against Army regulations — and campaign officials had nonetheless plowed forward, even, according to the Army, physically pushing aside the cemetery worker.

川普竞选团队先前知道，为了竞选拍摄违反陆军规定。陆军表示，竞选团队干部甚至仍然坚持向前，用身体推开这名公墓工作人员。

Trump and his campaign published photos and video of the former president laying flowers and flashing a thumbs-up at the graves of Marines killed during the withdrawal from Afghanistan three years ago.

川普和他的竞选团队发表了照片和影像，显示这位前总统在3年前撤出阿富汗时阵亡的陆战队员坟墓献花，并竖起大拇指。

Other graves are visible in the footage, including one of a Green Beret who died by suicide. The images are still online.

其他坟墓在画面中都看得见，包括一名死于轻生的绿扁帽部队成员坟墓。这些影像仍在网上。

Other candidates involved in similar incidents often quickly removed the images.

其他卷入类似事件的候选人通常很快就删除影像。

Peter Feaver, a political science professor at Duke University who has written extensively on civil-military relations, said that the traditional separation between the military and partisan politics has always been under tension, but that he could not recall an incident like that described by the Army last month, in which a presidential campaign was told by the Army that it was violating the law, pushed ahead anyway and then leveled insults after the incident became public.

在军民关系著作颇丰的杜克大学政治学教授费弗表示，军方与党派政治间的传统分隔一直处于紧绷状态，但他无法想到另一个类似陆军上月所描述的事件，即一个总统竞选团队被陆军告知违法，但仍继续进行，且在事件公开后出言辱骂。

文／Chris Cameron 　译／周辰阳

联邦法禁止在阿灵顿国家公墓进行政治活动。（纽约时报）